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H. H. DE FERNELMONT.

OIL BURNER.

No. 467,736. Patented Jan. 26, 1892.

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UNITED STATES Y PATENT OEEICE.

HENRY II. DE FERNELMONT, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- IIALF TOSAMUEL T. DOUGLAS, 'OF SAME PLACE.

OIL-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 467,736, dated January26, 1892.

Application iled March 2l, 1891- Selial No. 385,884. (No modeLl To allwhom t may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY Il. DE FEENEL- MONT, a subject of the King ofHolland, residing at Detroit, in the county of \Vayne and y State ofMichigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inOil-Burners, of which the following is a specication, reference beinghad therein to the accompanying drawings.

rlhis invention relates to new and useful improvements in oil-burners;and the invention consists in the peculiar construction of the burnerand the feed device employed therein.

The invention further consists in the peculiar construction of theoil-feeding device, wh ereby the lamp-wick receives its oil through themedium of a feeding-wick, the parts being so constructed that in casethe lamp is overturned no oil can escape therefrom.

The objects which I desire to accomplish with this novel constructionare, rst, to so construct a lamp that the oil cannot be spilledtherefrom; second, to so construct the lamp that the saine supply of oilwill be had at all times, Whether the oil in the reservoirbe much orlittle, and, third, to prevent the heating of the oil in the lamp.

lVhile I have shown my improvement applied to a lamp, it is evident thatit may be applied to any other oil-burner, whether for heating orcooking stoves, and it is equally well adapted for such use, as it is inconnection with a lamp and to burners having round or flat wicks and toburners with a single wick or a multiple of Wicks.

' In the drawings, Figure l is a central vertical sectiou through a lampembodying my invention. Fig, 2 is a detached perspective view of theupper end of the wick-casing. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on line y y inFig. l.

A is the body or reservoir, having the usual filling-aperture I3.Centrallyv in this reservoir is a downward-extending casing O, which Ipreferably carry to the bot-tom of the reservoir, connected at top andbottom therewith to form a tight joint. This casing may be square orround; but I preferably make it round, so that the cap D of ordinaryconstruction may be secured to the flange Dat the top. Vithin the cap Ishow the lamp-wicks E, and show raising and lowering devices therefor atF. lVithin the casing C, I form anothercasing C', preferably rectangularand extending to the bottom of the lamp and secured thereto. Com- 5 5munication is established from the lamp-reservoir through this innercasing by means of the ducts F'. The inner casing I preferably divide bymeans of the walls ct b into the central chamber and two side chambers6o detachable) a feed-wick casing or holder e, 65

open at the top and bottom and extending to near the bottom of the innercasing C', having communication with the chamber F2 at the bottom. Atthe top the walls of this wickholder abut against the cap D within thistop. 7o l Above the feed-wick holder e is formed a dripchamber G, theuse of which will be more fully hereinafter explained. The lamp-wicks Eare adapted to enter the chamber c.

Il is the feed-wick, extending the bottom of the feed-wick chamber andentering at the bottom of the chamber F2.

I is an enlargement or head formed by spreading the feed-wick at the topto increase its capillary action at this point, and to ac- 8o commodatethis enlargement I form the outwardly-curved spring-bearing .I upon eachside of the feed-wick chamber, as plainly shown in Figs. l and 2,apertured at L to allow a free lateral communication at this point, 8 5

where the lamp-wicks E are tightly pressed in contact either by theraising or lowering devices or in any other suitable manner.

Between the casing C and the casing C are formed the air-chambers M. Airentering at 9o the bottom may iind exit at the top through the aperturesN in the casing C.

The parts being thus constructed, they are intended to operate asfollows: As long as there is any oil in the reservoir it will ent-er r 5freely into the chamber F2, where it will be carried by the capillaryaction of the feedwick II to the top thereof, and in the head I aquantity of oil will be 1naintained,which will be freely absorbed intothe lamp-wicks 10o E, from the fact that they are in contact with thefeed-wick at these points, and thus supply from top to 75 2 mense thenecessary oil for fuel. Air in circulating through the air-passages M,coming in at the bottom and finding exit at the top, will keep the oilcool at all times.

In case the lamp should be overturned it is evident that, as the onlyexit from the inside of the lamp to the outside is through the channelsE" the feed-wick H, apertures L, and the lamp-wicks, little or no oilcould pass therethrough, for it the lamp is inverted the level ot' theoil will be below the channels F and cannot enter therethrough into thechamber Fz Such oil as may be in the feed-wick will be retained in thedrip-chamber G, so that no oil will spill therethrough.

Itis evident that thelamp-wicks themselves may be lengthened orshortened so long as they are of suiiicient length to make contact withthe top ot the feed-wick. Thus I am enabled to burn my lamp with goodresults, whether there is half an inch of oil in the lamp or whether itbe full, and whether the lamp-wicks have been burned almost their entirelength er are new.

tact with the flame, that need never be replaced.

While I show the air-chamber around the wick-chambers, it is not anecessity ot my construction and may be omitted therefrom.

What I claim as my invention isl. In an oil-burner, the combination,with the reservoir, of a casing therein extending to the toprandformingawick-chamber open only at the top, a lamp-wick in said casing, acasing beside said wick-chamber extending above the wick-chamber andforming a feedchamber, a connection between the reservoir and the bottomof the feed-chamber, and a connection between the feed-wick and lampwickat the top, substantially as described.

2. In an oil-burner, the combination, with the reservoir, of casingsforming a wick-chamber therein, open at the top only, a casing formingafeed-chamber beside the wick-chamber and extending from top to bottomof the lamp, a feed-wick filling said feed-chamber, and connectionbetween the feed-wick and reservoir at the bottom and between thefeed-wick and lamp-wick at the top, substantially as described.

3. In a lamp-burner, the combination,with

the wickcl1ambers, of a easing forming a feedchamber between the same,the perforated yielding enlargement at the top thereof, and

the feed-wick therein, substantially as described.

4. In a lamp-burner, the combination, with the reservoir, of the casingforming the wickchamber, a casing forming a feed-chamber, connectionbetween the reservoir and the feedchamber and the lamp-wick at the top,the perforated head I on the top of the feed-chamber casing, and thesprings J, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the reservoir, of

i the central casing therein, the feed-wick in As the feed-wick L isnever brought in consaid casin g, the connection between said reservoirand said feed-wick at lthe bottom and between said feed-Wick, alamp-wick at the top, and dripachamber G, substantially as described.

6. In a lamp, the combination, with two wick-chambers open at their topsonly, of a removable feed-casing open at top and bottom and extendingabove and below the wickchambers and formed with a perforated head abovethe wick-chambers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereot` I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY H. DE FERNELMONT.

Witnesses:

JAMES WHITTEMORE, N. L. LINDor..

